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Curse Words in Stories Old and New: A Ming Dynasty Collection Using Analogue Method
2018/2019 School of Chinese Research Student Seminar
《三言二拍》中的比擬類罵語
Curse Words in Stories Old and New: A Ming Dynasty Collection
Using Analogue Method
陳美濤 Chan Mei To
November 23, 2018 (Friday); 5:30-6:45pm
Room 730, Run Run Shaw Tower, Centennial Campus
Language: Cantonese
罵語，屬於各個語系中不可或缺的部份，充份反映了社會的禁忌，亦會隨著時代發展而改變，透過比較文學作品所使用的罵語，可反映出特定時代、社會階層的思維方式，以及讀者的語言習慣。話本小說是宋代開始流行的文體，即是說書人講故事的底本。話本小說本來文白相雜，既有文言作品，如《風月瑞仙亭》，又有完全用當代口語寫成的故事，如《快嘴李翠蓮記》。到了明代，說書行業雖然不再興盛，但許多文人模仿話本的形式、技巧與取材，創作了「擬話本小說」，建立了新的文學體裁，作者質素有保證，語言風格比較穩定。擬話本又以「三言二拍」為代表，共計近二百篇短篇小說，包含愛情、神怪、偵探等不同類型。故事種類豐富，角色的身份亦有很大差異，更能反映不同階層使用的罵語。加上篇幅較短，人物關係亦較為簡單，容易準確分析語言的本意，適當地分類罵語。本演講分析《三言二拍》中，不少用比擬手法構成的罵語，即把人比作動物或死物，對被罵者進行「降人格」處理。把主觀情緒與動物的客觀特點結合，意指被罵者具有某種缺憾，如狗代表奴才氣、沒有尊嚴，牛代表土氣、沒有文化等。
Despite being insulting and rude, curse words are regarded as an indispensable part in every language. They can reflect the taboo of society and enhance the realness of literary works. Comparing the curses words in literary works can reflect the language habit of certain social classes, and provide a new angle for Chinese language study. Current research using literary works mostly targets on full-length novels. They mainly focus on same type of curse words, as the characters’ identities are similar in full-length novels.Stories Old and New: A Ming Dynasty Collection, a simulation of the Song dynasty vernacular novels, is a collection of short novels, including romance, horror, detectives, and other types of stories. Its characters’ identities vary, and therefore it reflects the use of different types of curse words. However, curse words do not always point out the disadvantages of the other side directly. Analogue method is frequently used in curse words, which means that insulting people by comparing them to animals or objects. This talk analyzes the characteristics of curse words using analogue method in Stories Old and New: A Ming Dynasty Collection.
ALL ARE WELCOME
